Building Management System (BMS) is a computer based control system installed in buildings that controls and monitors the building’s mechanical and electrical equipment such as ventilation, lighting, power systems, fire systems and security systems. A BMS consists of software and hardware; the software program, usually configured in a hierarchical manner, can be proprietary using such products as C-bus, Profibus, etc. Recently however new vendors are producing BMSs that integrate using internet protocols and open standards like DeviceNet, SOAP, XML, BACnet , Lon and Modbus.
A BMS is more typical in a large building. Its core function is to manage the environment temperature, carbon dioxide level and humidity within a building. As a core function in most BMS systems, it controls the production of heating and cooling, manages the system that distributes this air throughout the building and then locally controls the mixture of heating and cooling to achieve the desired room temperature. A key secondary function is to monitor the level of human generated Co2, mixing in outside air with waste air to increase the amount of O2 while also minimizing heating/cooling losses.
Systems linked to a BMS typically represent 40% of building’s energy usage; if lighting is included this number approaches 70%. BMS systems are a critical component to managing energy demand.